Field experiments have been used to detect hiring discrimination. Pager, Devah. Attention Discrimination: Theory and Field Experiments with Monitoring Information Acquisition by Vojtěch Bartoš, Michal Bauer, Julie Chytilová and Filip Matějka. The methodology of field experiments offers one approach to measuring and detecting hiring discrimination, providing direct observation of discrimination in real-world settings. We perform a meta-analysis of every available field experiment of hiring discrimination against African Americans or Latinos (n = 28). discrimination that are consistent with our data. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36(4): 934-952. Britain has a long and distinguished history of field experiments of racial discrimination in the labour market, with pioneering studies dating back to 1967 and 1969. Section 2 reviews the various . Discrimination Field Experiments 225 elicit can provide important information about the subtle and contingent aspects of hiring process. Albert R, Escot L, Fernández-Cornejo JA. Though in-person audits are time consuming and require intensive supervi- Although the core claim of social contact theory—that positive and equal-status social contact with members of the out-group should decrease prejudice—is widely applied in peacebuilding programs, to our knowledge, the theory has never been directly tested using an empirically rigorous field experiment in an ongoing conflict environment.

In the study of discrimination, there are many laboratory experiment results that do not generalize in field settings. We focus on trends since 1989 (n = 24 studies), when field experiments became more common and improved methodologically. Field experiments come in two forms - audit studies and correspondence tests . We perform a meta-analysis of every available field experiment of hiring discrimination against African Americans or Latinos (n = 28).Together, these studies represent 55,842 applications submitted for 26,326 positions. Section 5

Disability discrimination in the rental housing market. Field experiments using fictitious applications have become an increasingly important method for assessing hiring discrimination. In cross-national comparison, field experiments provide a perspective that is distinctly social, helping to open the door on understanding Significant, persistent and pervasive levels of discrimination have been found against non-whites and women in labour, housing and product markets. We focus on trends since 1989 (n = 24 studies), when field experiments . In light of renewed interest in field experimental methods, this review covers a wide range of field experiments from across the social sciences, with an eye to those that adopt virtuous practices, including unobtrusive measurement . three field experiments: in rental housing and labor markets in the Czech Republic and in the labor market in Germany. Rich Controlled experiments, using matched pairs of bogus transactors, to test for discrimination in the marketplace have been conducted for over 30 years, and have extended across 10 countries. 2007;14: 371-391. Discrimination is the act of treating people differently. discrimination, and while they have identified a bias against hiring women in some labor market segments, the discrimination detected in field experiments is less pervasive than that implied by the regression approach. First (A), Hiring Discrimination is the extent to which ethnic minorities are less likely to proceed in the hiring process than majority members with identical credentials and CV. J0,J01,J1,J15,J16,J7,J71 ABSTRACT This article reviews the existing field experimentation literature on the prevalence of discrimination, the consequences of such discrimination, and possible approaches to undermine it. Below is a discussion of small study effects in the data for the 2017 PNAS article, "Meta-analysis of field experiments shows no change in racial discrimination in hiring over time", by Lincoln Quillian, Devah Pager, Ole Hexel, and Arnfinn Midtbøen. However, the number of field experiments conducted in order to detect discrimination against homosexuals is limited, and focus has been solely on labour market outcomes.

Field Experiments on Discrimination Marianne Bertrand and Esther Duflo. We make use of two field experiments on ethnic discrimination carried out in the UK: 2 one funded by the Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) in 2008 and 2009 and published by NatCen (Wood et al., 2009), and the other funded by Horizon2020 and conducted in 2016 and 2017 in five European countries including the UK (Lancee et al., 2019). The technique of conducting carefully controlled field experiments to measure discrimination in the market place is 35 years old. In this article, we discuss the findings of two recent field experiments measuring racial discrimination in low wage labor markets. In section 3 we provide an overview of the existing literature regarding homosexual discrimination. Sixty-seven field experiments of discrimination in markets conducted since 2000 across seventeen countries were surveyed. The assumptions of experimental and nonexperimental inference are distinguished . The Use of Field Experiments for Studies of Employment Discrimination: Contributions, Critiques, and Directions for the Future Fumarco, L. (2015). A novel feature of the field experiments are the tools to measure the process of decision-making, in addition to selection choices, by monitoring acquisition of information about applicants. In a field experiment on Airbnb, we find that requests from guests with distinctively African-American names are roughly 16% less likely to be accepted than identical guests with distinctively White names. America. Evidence from 97 field experiments of racial discrimination in . A field experiment on blind . In section 2 we describe the institutional setting. Field experiments represent the gold standard for determining whether discrimination occurs. Abstract. Significant and persistent discrimination was found on all bases in all markets. Significant and persistent discrimination was found on all bases in all markets. DOI: 10.1177/0002716206294796 Corpus ID: 16953028.

discrimination"—can lead to discrimination in a selection decision. We find significant discrimination against nonwhite natives in all countries in our analysis; discrimination against white immigrants is present but low. We design and implement a large-scale resume correspondence study to address limitations of existing field experiments testing for age discrimination that may bias their results. However, many other effects tested both in the laboratory and in the field have been consistent, some showing even stronger effects in the field (Brewer and Brown, 1998 . The use of field experiments in research on discrimination represents an important tool for informing both social science and public opinion. The difference persists whether the host is African-American or White, male or For example, employment discrimination can be hard to study observationally if a particular group is mostly absent from a sector suspected of discrimination. In Peru, whites were compared to indigenous applicants. Field experiments are a primary method for investigating systematic discrimination when data is limited or differences in outcomes might be related to differences in selection. FIELD EXPERIMENTS OF DISCRIMINATION IN THE MARKET PLACE* P. A. Riach and J. We summarize the findings of this body of work (which clearly demonstrate the pervasiveness of . The purpose of this paper is to assess field experiments of labour and product markets that have attached photos to identify applicants (in the case of labour markets) or sellers/crowd funders (in the case of product markets).,The experiments seek to identify the contribution of attractiveness, race/ethnicity, skin colour, sexual orientation or religion to the behaviour of agents in markets. Rental discrimination and ethnicity in names. We focus on field experimental studies of hiring discrimination: studies that use fictitious applications from members of different racial and ethnic groups to apply for actual jobs. The field experiment also covers a broader segment of the labour market in terms of occupational contexts. This article reviews the existing field experimentation literature on the prevalence of discrimination, the consequences of such discrimination, and possible approaches to undermine it. Controlled experiments, using matched pairs of bogus transactors, to test for discrimination in the marketplace have been conducted for over 30 years, and have extended across 10 countries. RESEARCH DESIGN. laboratory experiments on discrimination covering a small set of studies on race or ethnicity, excluding studies that ask subjects to make decisions about fictitious workers. Do Some Countries Discriminate More than Others? Field Experiments on Discrimination. The extent of hiring discrimination is generally measured through field experiments. This article reviews the existing field experimentation literature on the prevalence of discrimination, the consequences of such discrimination, and possible approaches to . Labour Econ. This study investigates change over time in the level of hiring discrimination in US labor markets. Because of difficulties in measurement, however, little is established . We highlight key gaps in the literature and ripe opportunities for future field work. Scientists from different backgrounds and numerous countries have tried to measure the extent of this form of discrimination, mostly by using field experiments such as audit or correspondence tests. Together, these studies represent 55,842 applications submitted for 26,326 positions. Field experiments offer a direct measure of discrimination in real-world contexts. It first defines field experimentation and describes the many forms that field experiments take. A field experiment to study sex and age discrimination in the Madrid labour market. 2007. We . The experimental design is described in section 4. Section 1 reviews the various experimental methods that have been employed to measure the prevalence of discrimination, most . The Economic Journal, 112 (483): 480-518. The paper is structured as follows. We perform a meta-analysis of every available field experiment of hiring discrimination against African Americans or Latinos (n = 28).Together, these studies represent 55,842 applications submitted for 26,326 positions. Discrimination at the intersection of Age, Race, and Gender: Evidence from a lab-in-the-field experiment by Joanna N. Lahey1 Texas A&M University and NBER and Doug R. Oxley Texas A&M University Draft: October 2018 1 Contact author. 22014 February 2016 JEL No. Pager (2007) provides an overview of a small number of field experiments on race discrim-ination, focusing on differences between the The technique of conducting carefully controlled field experiments to measure discrimination in the market place is 35 years old. We highlight key gaps in the literature and ripe opportunities for future field work. High levels of discrimination were recorded against ethnic groups, older workers, men applying to female-dominated jobs and homosexuals in labour markets. The multi-country field experiment provides a detailed picture of discrimination in Europe, but the design does not permit a more refined analysis of the mechanisms that play a role in ethnic . We conducted four randomized field experiments among 1,801 hosts on Airbnb by creating fictitious guest accounts and sending accommodation requests to them. 40. The degree to which mental health status becomes decisive in employers' hiring decisions might vary across occupations, as previous field experiments have shown that discrimination rates tend to do . It then discusses why experiments are valuable for causal inference. A small number of experiments have also investigated employment discrimination against the disabled in Britain and the Netherlands, and against older applicants in the United States. This article evaluates the strengths and limitations of field experimentation. It also interprets the growth and development of field experimentation. "The Use of Field Experiments for Studies of Employment Discrimination: Contributions, Critiques, and Directions for the Future". Carpusor, A. and Loges, W. (2006).

Although the market is the There are more than 140 field experimental studies of hiring discrimination against . To study discrimination a. A small number of experiments have also investigated employment discrimination against the disabled in Britain and the Netherlands, and against older applicants in the United States.

Sixty-seven field experiments of discrimination in markets conducted since 2000 across seventeen countries were surveyed. In these experiments, typically referred to as audit studies, researchers carefully select, match, and train individuals (called testers) to play the part of a job/apartment-seeker or consumer. Ruomeng Cui, Jun Li, Dennis J. Zhang (2019) Reducing Discrimination with Reviews in the Sharing Economy: Evidence from Field Experiments on Airbnb. By far the bulk of field experiments conducted to measure discrimination have used this "correspondence method," and studies of labor-market discrimination based on race and ethnic backgrounds have been the most popular application of the method to date. Management Science 66(3):1071-1094. Over the last , twelve years however, there have been many field experime-seven nts of discrimination, sixtyof Significant, persistent and pervasive levels of discrimination have been found against nonwhites and women in labour, housing and product markets. Experiments have also offered new insights into gender

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